Choice and percentage reinforcement in pigeons
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Suboptimal choice in a percentage-reinforcement procedure: effects of signal condition and terminal-link length.
Pigeons' choice between reliable (100%) and unreliable (50%) reinforcement was studied using a concurrent-chains procedure. Initial links were fixed-ratio 1 schedules, and terminal links were equal fixed-time schedules. The duration of the terminal links was varied across conditions. The terminal link on the reliable side always ended in food; the terminal link on the unreliable side ended with...
متن کاملChoice between reliable and unreliable outcomes: mixed percentage-reinforcement in concurrent chains.
Pigeons' choices between alternatives that provided different percentages of reinforcement in mixed schedules were studied using the concurrent-chains procedure. In Experiment 1, the alternatives were terminal-link schedules that were equal in delay and magnitude of reinforcement, but that provided different percentages of reinforcement, with one schedule providing, reinforcement twice as relia...
متن کاملRisky choice in pigeons: preference for amount variability using a token-reinforcement system.
Pigeons were given repeated choices between variable and fixed numbers of token reinforcers (stimulus lamps arrayed above the response keys), with each earned token exchangeable for food. The number of tokens provided by the fixed-amount option remained constant within blocks of sessions, but varied parametrically across phases, assuming values of 2, 4, 6, or 8 tokens per choice. The number of ...
متن کاملSuboptimal choice behavior by pigeons.
Contrary to the law of effect and optimal foraging theory, pigeons show suboptimal choice behavior by choosing an alternative that provides 20% reinforcement over another that provides 50% reinforcement. They choose the 20% reinforcement alternative--in which 20% of the time, that choice results in a stimulus that always predicts reinforcement, and 80% of the time, it results in another stimulu...
متن کاملSuboptimal Choice in Pigeons: Stimulus Value Predicts Choice over Frequencies
Pigeons have shown suboptimal gambling-like behavior when preferring a stimulus that infrequently signals reliable reinforcement over alternatives that provide greater reinforcement overall. As a mechanism for this behavior, recent research proposed that the stimulus value of alternatives with more reliable signals for reinforcement will be preferred relatively independently of their frequencie...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Animal Learning & Behavior
سال: 1976
ISSN: 0090-4996,1532-5830
DOI: 10.3758/bf03214437